A dosimeter is a device used to measure and detect the amount of radiation exposure a person has received. It is an important tool for those who work with or around radioactive substances or environments, as it can help to protect them from overexposure. Dosimeters come in a variety of forms, including badge dosimeters, thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs), optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs), and explosion pressure dosimeters. Badge dosimeters are the most common type of dosimeter and are used to detect high-energy beta, gamma, or x-ray radiation.
They are worn by the person being monitored and provide a continuous reading of the cumulative dose and current dose rate. If the specified dose rate or cumulative dose is exceeded, an audible alarm will sound. Thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) require post-use processing to reveal the cumulative dose received, and cannot give a current dose indication while in use. They are often used as an internal secondary dosimetry system for cross-checking reference dosimetry calibrations on small-field output factor measurements.
Optically stimulated luminescence dosimeters (OSLDs) are also used to measure radiation doses received by individuals, and to monitor environmental dose rate levels. They are tissue equivalent and very small in size, making them ideal for measuring doses in small fields. Explosion pressure dosimeters are small sensing devices that can detect and record the pressures that arise from a nearby explosive explosion. They are used to measure the radiation dose received by emergency workers in radiological emergency plans. When using a dosimeter, it should be placed at chest level so as not to underestimate exposure.
It is important to select an appropriate dosimetry system based on factors such as cost, availability, ease of use, and the dose range needed to achieve a particular technological objective. Dosimetry devices are essential for protecting people from overexposure to radiation. By understanding what a dosimeter reads and how it works, you can ensure that you are properly protected when working with or around radioactive substances or environments.
